![]() ![]() In the late 19 th century the term skyscraper was applied to buildings of 10 storeys or more. The Mexican architect and historian Francisco Mujica, (1899-unknown) saw the Home Insurance Building by William Le Baron Jenney (1885) in Chicago as the first skyscraper while the American art historian James Carson Webster (1905-1989) gave the title to the Masonic Temple Building by Daniel Burnham (1892, demolished 1939) in Chicago. Henry-Russell Hitchcock (1903-1987) was an American architectural historian who supported this view. Post (1875, demolished 1914) in Manhattan and the Tribune Building by Richard Morris Hunt (1875) also in Manhattan as the first skyscrapers built. He saw both the Western Union Building by George B. Montgomery Schuyler (1843-1914) was a highly influential critic, journalist and writer who wrote across art, literature, music and architecture. This view is supported by the online Arts Encyclopaedia. Between these lobbies, a public roadway passes through the structure, creating a pedestrian and vehicular link between Wacker Drive, the riverfront and the rest of the Lake Shore East development.There are a few different buildings in the period between 18 that vie for the title of the first skyscraper.Ĭarl Condit (1914–1997) was an American historian of urban and architectural history and attributed the title of the first skyscraper to the Equitable Life Assurance Building (1870, demolished 1912) by Arthur Gilman and Edward H. The lowest level entrance along Field Boulevard provides the easternmost entrance for the city’s indoor pedestrian circulation network known as ‘The Pedway’, while the main entrances are located along the uppermost level of Wacker Drive, where two dedicated lobbies serve as the entries for the hotel and residential condominium components of the building. As the building is set into an artificial grade change introduced by the adjacent three-level street system, public entrances are located at different elevations. Regis Chicago’s volume is further accentuated through the façade’s gradient of colored glass, which combined with the spandrel covered floor slab edges, creates an enhanced visual texture for the exterior. The reinforced concrete structure is composed of a series of stacked frustrum-shaped volumes moving rhythmically in and out of plane and extruded vertically into four sections extending to various heights. Proximity to the river and the city’s renown lakefront park system, as well as placement upon a north-south view corridor within the city’s street grid, provides for a high level of prominence for the mixed-use building. Regis Chicago became Chicago’s third tallest building and the tallest building within the mixed-use Lake Shore East development located near the Chicago River and Lake Michigan. Within a composite building’s primary structural elements. Where known, the CTBUH database breaks out the materials used Examples include buildings which utilize: steel columns with a floor system of reinforcedĬoncrete beams a steel frame system with a concrete core concrete-encased steel columns Ĭoncrete-filled steel tubes etc. steel, concrete, timber) are used together in the main structuralĮlements. ForĮxample, a Steel Over Concrete indicates an all-steel structural system located on top of anĪll-concrete structural system, with the opposite true of Concrete Over Steel.Ī combination of materials (e.g. all-steel, all-concrete, all-timber), one on top of the other. Or concrete slab on top of timber beams is still considered an “all-timber” structure as theĬoncrete elements are not acting as the primary structure. Note that a building of timber construction with a floor system of concrete planks An all-timber structure may include the use of localized non-timber connections between Reinforced concrete which has been precast as individual components and assembled togetherįrom timber. Note that a building of steel construction with a floor system of concrete planks orĬoncrete slab on top of steel beams is still considered an “all-steel” structure as the concreteĮlements are not acting as the primary structure.įrom concrete which has been cast in place and utilizes steel reinforcement bars and/or steel ![]() Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructedįrom steel.
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